Mike Grady Mike Grady

We Screened 52 Pitchers. 27 Came Back High Risk. Almost All of Them Felt Fine.

Movement Screen Report / 2026-27 Off-Season

Twenty-seven came back high risk. Twenty-four of those twenty-seven told us their arm felt fine.

Every parent of a pitcher wonders the same thing. Is my kid one bad outing away from an arm injury?

Most programs answer that question by waiting. The athlete throws, something starts to hurt, and then somebody finally takes a look. We decided to look first.

Before any VIP athlete threw a bullpen for us this off-season, he went through the Grady's VIP Movement Screen. It is a full-body physical assessment performed by a licensed physical therapist, paired with a validated arm-health questionnaire and a detailed throwing-history intake. Fifty-two athletes have completed it so far. The results changed the training plan for forty-four of them.

Here is exactly what the process looks like, and what the data is telling us.

How the screen works

Five steps, in this order, every time

  1. 1

    Intake, before anyone touches a goniometer

    Every athlete fills out an intake form covering the things that actually predict trouble: how many months he has thrown continuously without a real break, when he last took meaningful time off, pitch count over the last seven days, outings in the last thirty, which pitches he throws, injury history, prior diagnoses, past surgery, and current pain by location and level. Plus age, height, weight, current velocity, and level of play.

    We do this first on purpose. A 15-year-old sitting 78 who has thrown ten straight months without a break is a different athlete than a 15-year-old sitting 78 who took November through January off, even if their bodies test identically.

  2. 2

    The KJOC score

    Next the athlete completes the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow score, a validated ten-question instrument built specifically for overhead athletes. It scores out of 100 and measures how the arm is functioning under the demands of competition, not how it feels sitting still on the couch.

  3. 3

    The physical screen

    A licensed physical therapist then runs the athlete through roughly thirty individual measurements:

    • Shoulder internal and external rotation, both arms
    • Total rotational motion, both arms
    • Shoulder flexion and horizontal adduction
    • Scapular dyskinesis
    • Prone internal and external rotation strength
    • Scaption strength as a percentage of body weight
    • Grip strength, both hands
    • Hip internal and external rotation, stance leg and stride leg
    • Thoracic and cervical rotation
    • Y-Balance anterior, posteromedial and posterolateral, both legs
    • Beighton hypermobility screen
    • Rotary stability

    Every measurement is taken on both sides. In a pitcher, the asymmetry is usually the story.

  4. 4

    Scoring against published thresholds

    Every number is compared against thresholds drawn from the published research on throwing injury, not against a coach's eye. A measurement outside the threshold becomes a flag. The flags produce four things: a risk tier, an intensity cap, a strength focus, and a specific list of corrective work with video for every finding.

  5. 5

    The report sets the program

    The athlete and his parents get the full report. More importantly, that report determines what he is allowed to do in our building on day one. The screen is not a document we hand you and file away. It is the thing that writes the first block of training.

What we found

52 athletes, ages 13 to 18

46 of the 52 had at least one physical finding. That is 88 percent of the athletes who walked in. The average athlete carried 3.4 findings.

Risk tier at first screen

All 52 completed screens

High risk 27 / 52
Moderate 17 / 52
Low risk 8 / 52
Eight athletes out of fifty-two were cleared to run the full program with intent days.
24/27

The finding that matters most

Of the 27 athletes who came back high risk, 24 reported no pain at all.

Nearly nine out of ten high-risk arms felt completely fine. Pain is not an early warning system in a pitcher. Pain is the receipt.

The KJOC scores said the same thing from a different direction. Twenty-eight athletes scored 90 or better, which is a strong self-reported arm-health score. Twenty-five of those 28 still had at least one physical finding on the table. Feeling good and being sound are two different things, and only one of them shows up on a questionnaire.

The most common findings

Count of athletes flagged, out of 52

Internal rotation deficit, throwing shoulder
24 /52
Total rotational motion deficit
20 /52
Shoulder flexion deficit
19 /52
Scaption strength under 15% of body weight
13 /52
Hip internal rotation restriction
11 /52
Y-Balance anterior reach asymmetry
10 /52
Hip external rotation outside normal range
9 /52
External rotation strength ratio low
9 /52
External to internal rotation strength ratio
8 /52
Y-Balance composite below threshold
8 /52
Horizontal adduction restriction
6 /52
Thoracic rotation asymmetry
5 /52
Half of this list is not the arm. Hip rotation, thoracic rotation and single-leg balance sit right alongside the shoulder.

Two of these carry real weight in the literature. A total rotational motion deficit in the throwing shoulder has been associated with roughly two and a half times the risk of elbow injury in professional pitchers. Anterior reach asymmetry on the Y-Balance test has been associated with more than double the odds of lower extremity injury. Twenty of our athletes had the first. Ten had the second.

The most common strength focus we assigned across all 52 athletes was lower extremity stability, tied with shoulder flexion mobility. You cannot screen a pitcher's arm and call it a movement screen.

The workload picture

What the intake form told us

The intake data was just as revealing as the physical testing. Only 21 of the 52 athletes had taken meaningful time off from throwing within the previous three months.

21
Last real break within 3 months
5
Last break 3 to 6 months ago
16
Last break 6 to 12 months ago
5
Last break over a year ago
4
Could not remember

A large share of these athletes reported five to ten straight months of continuous throwing. That is the reality of travel baseball, showcases and overlapping seasons, and it is not something a family can see on a stat sheet. It shows up in a screen.

What we actually do with it

A finding that does not change the training is trivia

Every screen produces three concrete outputs.

An intensity cap

This is the first thing we set, and it is not negotiable.

Throwing intent permitted after the screen

Assigned before the athlete's first bullpen

Drill-based only, no high-intent days 27
Medium intent max, no max-effort throwing 17
Full program, intent days permitted 8
Forty-four athletes had their throwing intent restricted before they threw a single bullpen for us.

Not because they were hurt. Because they tested into a range where we were not willing to hand them a green light yet.

A strength focus

The largest deficit becomes the athlete's priority in the strength program. Lower extremity stability and single-leg balance, lat and pec mobility for shoulder flexion, hip internal rotation work, posterior shoulder strengthening, thoracic mobility. One priority, not seven, because an athlete who is told to fix everything fixes nothing.

A corrective list with video

Every flag comes back with the specific protocol, the dosage and a video link. A sleeper stretch prescription reads "3 sets of 30 seconds on the throwing side, daily, for the next 3 to 4 weeks." Not "work on your internal rotation."

Then the athlete gets re-screened, and we find out whether the plan worked.

Why this is what makes VIP different

A radar gun tells you what he did, not what he can survive

A licensed physical therapist performs the screen

Not a coach with a tape measure. Two PTs have run our screens this off-season, and their initials are on every report.

The thresholds come from the research, not from opinion

Every flag is tied to a published finding on throwing injury, with the same threshold applied to every athlete.

The screen precedes the throwing, and it governs the throwing

No VIP athlete gets a max-effort day because he showed up excited. He gets it because his screen says his body can absorb it.

Every athlete gets re-screened

The screen is a baseline, not a verdict. The whole point is to move the numbers.

The report goes to the family

You see the same measurements we see, with the same context. Nothing about your son's arm is a coaching secret.

Twenty-four of our athletes were carrying a high-risk finding they could not feel. Their high school coaches could not see it. Their travel coaches could not see it. Their parents could not see it, and neither could they. We found it in about forty-five minutes, and then we changed what they were allowed to do about it.

That is the difference.

VIP 2026-27

Registration for the VIP off-season program is open. Every athlete starts with the movement screen and throwing evaluation, and no athlete throws for us until we have both.

Register for VIP

Grady's Pitching School
All figures reflect 52 completed movement screens between July and August 2026. Athlete data is reported in aggregate only.

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